by Mohammad J. Sear | 20/06/2026 | Vol 21-2 (Apr/Jun 2026), Archive, Essay, Governance & Policy, Technology
The global digital economy is locked in a collective delusion of imitation. From London to Riyadh, and Islamabad to Jakarta, national digital strategies look suspiciously identical. They are dense collections of the same well-meaning but outdated goals: digitizing... 
by Simi Kamal | 20/06/2026 | Vol 21-2 (Apr/Jun 2026), Archive, Essay, Governance & Policy
Abstract (Transboundary waters—shared rivers, lakes, and aquifers—account for approximately 60 percent of global freshwater flows and connect the fates of 153 countries worldwide. While international legal frameworks exist to guide cooperation, their effectiveness is... 
by Mohammad Ehsanulhaq Leghari | 20/06/2026 | Vol 21-2 (Apr/Jun 2026), Archive, Articles, Pakistan
Abstract (This document analyses Pakistan’s water distribution history, highlighting the persistent inter-provincial conflicts, particularly between upstream Punjab and downstream Sindh, which date back to the British colonial era. The 1991 Water Apportionment... 
by Jamil Nasir | 20/06/2026 | Vol 21-2 (Apr/Jun 2026), Archive, Articles, Environment, Pakistan, South Asia
Formal Exclusion, Informal Extraction, and the Case for Structural Reforms Abstract (Pakistan’s formal agricultural credit system has expanded nearly five-fold in nominal disbursements over the past decade and a half. This growth has widened, rather than narrowed, the... 
by S. Mushfiq Murshed | 20/06/2026 | Vol 21-2 (Apr/Jun 2026), Archive, Comment, International Relations, Iran, Middle East, Pakistan, USA
The Strait of HormuzIran’s Nuclear ProgramPakistan’s Role as a Middle PowerThe Perils Ahead. “The success as well as failures of our foreign policy can be traced by whether or not it earned the nation a place of respect in the international mainstream.” – Abdul... 
by S. Mushfiq Murshed | 03/08/2025 | Vol 20-2 (Apr/Jun 2025), Comment, India, Pakistan, Security/Terrorism, South Asia
Pakistan has been a victim of hybrid warfare. Attempts have been made to malign its reputation, diplomatically isolate it and exploit its domestic fault lines, and support has been provided to non-state actors to carry out terrorist attacks in the country. ... 
by Jamil Nasir | 03/08/2025 | Vol 20-2 (Apr/Jun 2025), Articles, Economy, Pakistan
Abstract (This paper intends to figure out the factors, both of structure and policy, responsible for the stagnation of Pakistan’s exports. For doing so, a critical analysis of the structure of exports and export-oriented schemes is conducted. The export structure is... 
by Maheen Rehan, Abdullah Khalid, Engr. Ahad Nazir | 03/08/2025 | Vol 20-2 (Apr/Jun 2025), Articles, Pakistan, Technology
Abstract (Pakistan’s digital infrastructure framework reveals systemic inefficiencies that impede its integration into the global digital economy and equitable socio-economic advancement. Despite achieving mobile broadband penetration of 53.2% and 4G coverage spanning... 
by Dr. Shakil Ghori | 03/08/2025 | Vol 20-2 (Apr/Jun 2025), Essay, Pakistan
The right to own and control land is at the forefront of the inheritance rights that women have been denied for a long time in Pakistan. Existing statutory, customary and religious laws as well as practices are affecting women’s inheritance rights in the country. The... 
by Criterion Quarterly | 03/08/2025 | Vol 20-2 (Apr/Jun 2025), Book Reviews, Governance & Policy, Pakistan, Security/Terrorism, Technology
Book Title: Development Challenges of Pakistan: Constraints and Choices Author: Jamil Nasir Publisher: Palgrave Macmillan Pages: 616 pages We reviewed the chapter on education from Jamil Nasir’s book, ‘Development Challenges of Pakistan: Constraints and Choices’... 